SCHOOL OF PHARMACY
Course Title: Bioinformatics
Course Code: SPH 1062
Assignment 2
Title: The Bioinformatics Software and Its
Applications.
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Prepared by
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:
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Arivalagi A/P Sabaramanian (012014052239)
Ashwarnee A/P Saravana Murthy (012014052232)
Nareeta Kaur A/P Narinder Singh
(012014052234)
Sivasankari A/P Raman (012014052494)
Subashini A/P Nadaraja (012014052407)
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Course
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Bachelor of Pharmacy (BPH)
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Intake
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:
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August 2014
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Lecturer
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:
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Mr Mohammed Kaleemullah
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Date of Submission
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:
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12th June 2015
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1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Definition of
Bioinformatics
Generally,
Bioinformatics develops knowledge from computer study of biological data. It
consists of the information that is stored in the genetic code, experimental
results from various sources, patient statistics, and scientific literature (Nilges & Linge, 2010) . Furthermore, research
in bioinformatics comprises method development for storage, retrieval, and
analysis of the data (Nilges & Linge, 2010) . Bioinformatics is a
fast developing branch of biology which is highly interdisciplinary by using the
techniques and concepts from informatics, statistics, mathematics, chemistry,
biochemistry, physics, and linguistics (Bioinformaticsweb.tk, 2005) .
Figure
1: *Adapted from B.E. Biotechnology, Department
of Biotechnology, SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka. (2014). What is Bioinformatics?
1.2
Goals of learning Bioinformatics
Formally
speaking, bioinformatics is the application of mathematics and computer science
methodology to solve problems in biology, and in particular, molecular biology.
Thus, there are many goals of learning Bioinformatics which are beneficial for
us in daily life and research.
A
central goal of Bioinformatics for Biologists is therefore to convey why inherited
methods are so vital to a thorough understanding of molecular biology (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 2012) . This is because
biologists discover more life processes that require a surprising level of
structure as they learn more about the nature of life on the molecular level.
For instance, DNA replication, in which an organism's "genetic code"
is reproduced, shows such process. The word "code" indicates that
mathematics is at hand, where the structure of DNA is based upon the ordering
of only four nucleotide bases (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 2012) .
In
addition, development and implementation of computer programs that enable
efficient access to, use and management of various types of information is
considered to be one of the important goals of learning Bioinformatics (Rai University, 2015) . It also helps in
enhancing the development of new algorithms and statistical measures with which
to assess relationships among members of larger data (Rai University, 2015) .
Besides
that, learning Bioinformatics provides understanding in various biological
processes. The examples of biological processes are as follows (Rai University, 2015) :
o
Pattern reorganization
o
Sequence alignment
o
Gene finding
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Assembly
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Drug designing
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Protein structure alignment
o
Gene expression
o
Genome annotation
Moreover,
Bioinformatics provide better understanding in a living cell and how it
functions at the molecular level (B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology,
SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka, 2014) .
It also enhances the analysis of raw molecular sequence and structural data;
generate new insights and provide a global perspective of the cell (B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology,
SIT, Tumkur, Karnataka, 2014) .
Figure 2: *Adapted from B.E. Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, SIT,
Tumkur, Karnataka (2014). The central
dogma.
Furthermore,
Bioinformatics provides integrated knowledge and technical skills gained from
diverse scientific disciplines of biochemical, mathematical, computational and
life sciences which improves understanding in the key problems, possible
solutions, and latest advances in bioinformatics
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